KMID : 0665420190340020112
|
|
Korean Journal of Food Culture 2019 Volume.34 No. 2 p.112 ~ p.128
|
|
Etymology of Kimchi: Philological Approach and Historical Perspective
|
|
Paek Do-Hyeon
|
|
Abstract
|
|
|
The history of modern Korean ¡®kimchi¡¯ can be traced through the history of the wordforms ¡®dihi¡¯(µðÈ÷), ¡®dimch?i¡¯(µõ¤º¤þ), and ¡®thimch?i¡¯(ÆÀ¤º¤þ) in ancient Korean texts. As native Korean words, the ¡®dihi¡¯ word line (¡®dihi¡¯, ¡®dii¡¯, ¡®jihi¡¯, and ¡®ji¡¯) constitutes an old substratum. This word line coexisted with the ¡®dimch?i¡¯ word line (dimch?i, jimch?i, and kim?chi) from the Hanja ¡®öØóø¡¯. ¡®Ji¡¯, which is the last word variation of ¡®dihi¡¯, and is still used today as the unique form in several Korean dialects. In standard Korean, however, it only serves as a suffix to form the derivative names of various kimchi types. ¡®Dimch?i¡¯ is believed to have appeared around the 6th-7th centuries,whenSillabegantomasterChinesecharacters.Hence,¡®dimch?i¡¯ reflects either the Archaic Chinese (߾ͯëå) or the Old Chinese (ñéͯëå) pronunciation of the Hanja, ¡®öØóø¡¯. With the palatalization of the plosive alveolar [t], ¡®dimch?i¡¯ changed to ¡®jimch?i¡¯. The Yangban intellectuals¡¯ rejection of the palatalization of the plosive velar [k] led to the hypercorrection of ¡®jimch?i¡¯ into ¡®kimch?i¡¯. It is precisely the hypercorrect ¡®kimch?e¡¯ that gave the wordform ¡®kim?chi¡¯, which has eventually become the standard and predominant form in today¡¯s Korean language. Regarding ¡®thimch?e¡¯, it reflects the Middle Chinese (Yuan Dynasty) pronunciation of the Hanja ¡®öØóø¡¯ and was used mainly in writing by Yangban intellectuals.
|
|
KEYWORD
|
|
Kimchi, chimchae, dimchae, kimjang, etymology
|
|
FullTexts / Linksout information
|
|
|
|
Listed journal information
|
|
|
|